Early clinical and CT features of COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia from a fever observation ward in Ningbo, China

INTRODUCTION@#We aimed to compare the early clinical manifestations, laboratory results and chest computed tomography (CT) images of COVID-19 patients with those of other community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients to differentiate CAP from COVID-19 before reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results are obtained.@*METHODS@#The clinical and laboratory data and chest CT images of 51 patients were assessed in a fever observation ward for evidence of COVID-19 between January and February 2020.@*RESULTS@#24 patients had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, whereas 27 individuals had negative results. No statistical difference in clinical features was found between COVID-19 and CAP patients, except for diarrhoea. There was a significant difference in lymphocyte and eosinophil counts between COVID-19 and CAP patients. In total, 22 (91.67%) COVID-19 patients had bilateral involvement and multiple lesions according to their lung CT images; the left lower lobe (87.50%) and right lower lobe (95.83%) were affected most often, and all lesions were located in the peripheral zones of the lung. The most common CT feature of COVID-19 was ground-glass opacity, found in 95.83% of patients, compared to 66.67% of CAP patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Diarrhoea, lymphocyte counts, eosinophil counts and CT findings (e.g. ground-glass opacity) could help to distinguish COVID-19 from CAP at an early stage of infection, based on findings from our fever observation ward.

Research Advances and Obstacles of CT-based Radiomics in Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

Radiomics, a technology based on multimodal medical image processing and analysis, is able to extract automatically and analyze massive data from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) via high-performance computer algorithm in order to pursue early diagnosis of disease, benign and malignant tumor discrimination, dynamic evaluation of disease treatment, and individualized precision therapy. To date, many studies demonstrate that radiomics not only has great potential in early diagnosis of lung cancer and prediction of genotype, treatment efficacy, as well as prognosis but also is based on imaging methods that are noninvasive, inexpensive, and repeatable. It does demonstrate precious values in guiding the clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, especially in the personalized and precise treatments and researches of lung cancer. However, the consistency and reproducibility of radiomics and the selection of robust characteristics still warrant further researches.
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Effectiveness of sports activity module on physical fitness of 3-6 years old children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#This paper constructed the children’s multiple sports activity module from the perspective of Multiple Intelligences, and explored the effect of sports activity module on physical fitness of young children.@*Methods@#A total of 176 children aged 3-6 years were randomly divided into control and experimental classes for 24 weeks, 5 times/week, 30 minutes/time. Children in the experimental class received multi-sports activity module, and children in the control class received general sports activities. Activity duration, intensity and frequency of the experimental class and the control class were basically the same.@*Results@#This study constructed the children’s multiple sports activity module with eight pieces of content from the perspective of Multiple Intelligences. Before the intervention, there was no statistical difference between the experimental class and the control class(P>0.05), and the height of the children aged 3 to 4 years after the intervention in the experimental class [(109.29±6.56)cm] was significantly higher than that before the intervention[(105.11±5.51)cm](P<0.01). After intervention, the walking balance beam, the 10-meter reverse run and the feet continuous jump of the children aged 3 to 4 years in the experimental class were significantly higher than those in the control class(P<0.01). The standing long jump, sitting position forward flexion of the children aged 3 to 4 years were also significantly higher than those in the control class(P<0.05). The balance beam of the children aged 4 to 5 years in the experimental class was significantly higher than that in the control class(P<0.01). Tennis throw, sitting position forward flexion, 10-meter reverse run, feet continuous jump of the children aged 4 to 5 years were also significantly higher than the control class(P<0.05). The walking balance beam of the children aged 5 to 6 years was significantly higher in the experimental class than that in the control class(P<0.01), the standing long jump tennis throw, the sitting position forward flexion, The 10-meter reverse run and the continuous jump of the feet of the children aged 5 to 6 years were also significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The multi-sports activity module is superior to the general sports activities in developing children’s physical fitness and can be promoted as a project to develop children’s physical fitness.

The subgroup analysis of the prognostic value of the intraductal carcinoma of the prostate in patients with metastatic prostate cancer / 中华外科杂志

Objective@#To determine the prognostic value of the intraductal carcinoma of the prostate IDC-P in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) patients of different subgroups.@*Methods@#Data of 582 de novo mPCa patients between January 2011 and December 2017 diagnosed at Departments of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University were retrospectively analyzed. The age was (70±8) years (range: 45 to 89 years). IDC-P was identified from 12-core prostate biopsy. The prognostic role of IDC-P was assessed by Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression. Subgroup analysis was conducted by the forest plot. The endpoints were castration-resistant prostate cancer free survival (CFS) and overall survival (OS).@*Results@#In total, 177/582 (30.4%) patients harbored IDC-P. Patients with IDC-P had poorer CFS and OS than those without IDC-P (mCFS: 12.1 months vs. 16.9 months, P=0.000; mOS: 39.7 months vs. not reached, P=0.000). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that, the existence of IDC-P was an independent prognosticator of both CFS (HR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.79, P=0.006) and OS (HR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.25, P=0.041). Subanalysis indicated that, in most subgroups, IDC-P was an adverse prognosticator of both CFS and OS. Even in subgroups with adverse clinicopathological features, e.g. Gleason score 9 to 10 (CFS: HR=1.467, P=0.007; OS: HR=1.807, P=0.013), baseline prostate specific antigen≥50 μg/L (CFS: HR=1.616, P=0.000; OS: HR=1.749, P=0.006), anemia (CFS: HR=1.653, P=0.036; OS: HR=2.100, P=0.038), alkaline phosphatase≥160 U/L (CFS: HR=1.326, P=0.038; OS: HR=1.725, P=0.010) or abnormal lactate dehydrogenase level (CFS: HR=1.614, P=0.001; OS: HR=1.900, P=0.003), IDC-P was still closely associated with shorter CFS and OS.@*Conclusions@#The presence of IDC-P was closely related to poor survival outcomes for patients with mPCa. IDC-P was an adverse prognosticator in most subgroup patients. The description of IDC-P in the pathological report of prostate biopsy would help clinicians to evaluate the prognosis of mPCa patients more accurately and make better treatment choices.

Influence of two training methods on hand hygiene compliance of health care workers / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of the two methods of propaganda and education, conventional training method and that combined with hand contamination survey method, on the medical and nursing staffs' hand hygiene compliance. Methods From October 2017 to April 2018, all medical and nursing staffs in 6 Departments:General Surgery Ⅰ, General Surgery Ⅱ, Orthopedics Ⅰ, Orthopedics Ⅱ, Internal Medicine Ⅰ and Internal Medicine Ⅲin Cangnan Second People's Hospital receiving health education were divided into two groups; both groups received routine training, while in the observation group, on the basis of routine training, the hand hygiene pollution investigation training mode was added, In the combined training method, when the wrong hand hygiene mode occurred, the hand specimens were collected and the correct hand washing method was instructed on the spot, and then the following hand specimens were taken to investigate the contaminated condition. One month before the training, the real situations of hand hygiene compliance in the two groups were investigated. In the 1st month after the beginning of training, both groups were cultivated by conventional propaganda and training methods. From the second month to the sixth month, the observation group was additionally trained to investigate hand hygiene pollution situation on the basis of conventional propaganda and training methods. After 6 months, the compliance rates of hand hygiene in the two groups were observed. Results Before training, there was no significant differences in the compliance rate of hand hygiene in the observation group and the routine trainning group [37.14% (52/140) vs. 36.36% (48/132), P > 0.05]. The compliance rates of hand hygiene after 1, 2, 3 months of training in the observation group were 56.61% (77/136), 60.61% (80/132) and 61.20% (82/134), respectively, and those in the routine trainning group were 56.25% (72/128), 59.26% (80/135) and 58.70% (81/138), which were all significantly higher than those before the training (all P < 0.05), but there were no statistical significant differences between the two groups (all P > 0.05). From the 4th month to the 6th month after training, the compliance rates of hand hygiene in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the observation group [61.97% (88/142) vs. 49.23% (64/130), 62.50% (80/128) vs. 47.73% (63/132), 62.31% (81/130) vs. 46.03% (58/126)], the differences between the two groups being statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The routine training combined with hand contamination investigation survey training for consecutive 3 months can nicely promote the improvement of hand hygiene compliance of medical and nursing staffs.

The relationship between job stress and happiness in nurses of three grade A hospitals:mediating role of hope / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the status quo of job stress and happiness in nurses of three grade A hospitals and mediation effects of hope between above two elements. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted. The Hope Status Scale, The Nurse's Job Stressor Scale, General Well-Being Schedule and self-designed demographic questionnaire were delivered to 1200 nurses from nine hospitals. Results The path analysis results showed that the direct effect of job stress on the subjective well-being was-0.193, the indirect effect was (-0.486) × 0.456=-0.222, the total effect of working pressure on the subjective well-being was-0.415, the indirect effect of total effect was 53.49％. want direct effect on subjective well-being of 0.456, job stress on the direct effect of hope for-0.486. Conclusion Hope to play an intermediary role between nurses' job stress and subjective happiness. In the process of trying to reduce nurses' job stress, we should make full use of the intermediary significance of hope to help nurses with low level of hope to build hope and improve their happiness level.

Prognostic significance of combined TERT and IDH gene mutation analysis in diffusely infiltrating gliomas / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the status and prognostic significance of TERT and IDH1/2 genes mutations in diffusely infiltrating gliomas.@*Methods@#Hot spot mutations of TERT and IDH1/2 genes were detected by DNA sequencing in 236 cases of gliomas at West China Hospital from 2012 to 2016, including pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade Ⅰ, 16 cases), diffuse astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma (WHO grade Ⅱ, 89 cases), anaplastic astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma (WHO grade Ⅲ, 72 cases) and glioblastoma (WHO grade Ⅳ, 59 cases). The prognostic significance of TERT and IDH1/2 hot spot mutations was evaluated.@*Results@#No IDH or TERT mutations were detected in pilocytic gliomas. TERT promoter mutation frequency was higher in patients aged ≥40 years(60.8%, 93/153) than in patients aged <40 years (32.8%, 22/67; P<0.01). TERT promoter mutation rate was also significantly higher in oligodendroglioma (87.5% , 56/64) than that in astrocytoma(37.8%, 59/156; P<0.01). Young age (<40 years), oligodendroglioma and IDH1 mutation were favorable prognostic factors for diffusely infiltrating astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors. TERT mutation alone was not of prognostic significance. Diffusely infiltrating astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors were divided into four molecular subtypes according to TERT and IDH1 mutation status: IDH(+ )/TERT(+ ), IDH(+ )/TERT(-), IDH(-)/TERT(-) and IDH(-)/TERT(+ ). There was significant prognostic difference among the 4 subtypes.@*Conclusions@#Combined IDH and TERT gene mutation analysis may be useful for prognostic subgrouping. Notably, IDH1 wild-type cases can be further subdivided into TERT(+ ) or (-) subgroups with significant prognostic difference.

The feasibility and safety of applying all-seeing needle in transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To detect the feasibility and safety of applying all-seeing needle in transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy.Methods Retrospective analysis was made with clinical data of 32 patients of hemospermia treated with transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy using all-seeing needle from March 2016 to January 2018.The patients'age was (38.8 ± 8.7) years (27-60 years) and the course of disease was (7.1 ±3.3) months (2-15 months).Ultrasound before operation showed heterogeneous echo,or expansion of the seminal vesicle.MRI showed hemorrhage of the seminal vesicle,or abnormal signal of the seminal vesicle.Patients had levofloxacin or mosisasin anti-infection therapy more than one month and remained uncovered.The operation was performed under subarachnoid anesthesia,and the patients took the lithotomy position.The F4.8 all-seeing needle entered the posterior urethra,the verumontanum was found,and the saline was slowly pushed with a syringe to maintain a clear view.Then,the ejaculatory duct opening was searched on both sides of the verumontanum.If the ejaculatory duct opening cannot be found in the normal position,we entered the needle into the prostatic utricle to find the possible ectopic opening.If the ejaculatory duct opening was still not found,at the 5 and 7 o'clock positions in the prostatic utricle,the needle was probed and punctured into the side wall of the ejaculatory duct.Visible puncture with all-seeing needle can effectively avoid penetrating blood vessels and reduce damage to tissues during puncture.In this study,the ejaculatory duct opening got accessed on the verumontanum in 14 cases,through ectopic openings within the prostatic utricle in 2 cases,and through artificial establishment in 5 and 7 o'clock positions within prostatic utricle in 16 cases.After entering the ejaculatory duct and seminal vesicle,we explored the cavities of the seminal vesicles.For stones or polyps,after replacing the outer sheath to F8,F1.9 stone retrieval basket was applied to remove stones or polyps,followed by rinsing the seminal vesicles with normal saline,0.02％ nitrofurazone,and then 160,000 units of gentamicin into each seminal vesicle.For hemorrhage,after clearing up the blood,seminal vesicles were also washed with normal saline,nitrofurazone,and perfused with gentamicin.In the operation,prostatic utricle stone was found in 5 cases,and seminal vesicle stone was found in 7 cases.One case of seminal vesicle polyp was observed,and in 19 cases,seminal vesicle hemorrhage was seen.Results All the operations were accomplished successfully,the operation time was (55.0 ± 11.3) min (35-82 min).There was no rectal injury or urethral injury during operation.The postoperative catheter was removed at 2 days postoperatively and the patients discharged on the 4th day after surgery.The length of hospital stay was (6.3 ± 0.7) days (5-7 days).One patient had mild hematuria after removal of the urethral catheter and got improved spontaneously;one case developed epididymitis,which improved after anti-infective treatment.6 cases made stone analysis,with 5 cases of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate,and 1 case of calcium oxalate dihydrate,calcium oxalate monohydrate and carbonate apatite mixed stones.One case of polyp was diagnosed by pathologists to be an inflammatory polyp.Follow-up was performed at 4,6,8,and 12 weeks after surgery.Hemospermia was cured in 24 cases,relieved in the other 8 cases at 8-week follow-up,who received oral antibiotic treatment afterwards.At the 12-week follow-up,the rest 6 cases in 8 got hemospermia recovered,with 2 cases still uncovered.Conclusions All-seeing needle is user-friendly and safe in transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy,with reliable short-term efficacy.

Knocking-out of HIF1α gene by CRISPR/cas9 inhibits proliferation and invasiveness of prostate cancer DU145 cells / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of HIF1α gene in prostate cancer cell line DU145 by knocking it out with a novel gene-editing tool CRISPR/cas9 system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A CRISPR/cas9 system with two sgRNAs targeting exon 1 of the HIF1α gene was constructed for the knock out experiment. CCK8 assay and transwell experiment were carried out to assess the effect of the knock out on the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of DU145 cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The efficiency of gene-targeting was measured through a T7E1 assaying and sequence analysis, which confirmed that the partial knock out was successful and has led to a significant decrease in the expression of HIF1α and inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A CRISPR/cas9 system for the knock out of HIF1α has been successfully constructed, which could inhibit the proliferation and migration of DU145 cells. The system can facilitate further studies of the HIF1α gene and its roles in tumorigenesis.</p>

Significance of leukocyte subtypes and thyroid function tests in differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the differences of leukocyte subtypes and thyroid function of the patients with different thyrotoxicosis diseases,and to clarify the practical significance of leukocyte subtypes and thyroid function tests in the differential diagnosis of Graves disease thyrotoxicosis and destructive thyrotoxicosis.Methods:A total of 33 patients with Graves disease thyrotoxicosis and 30 patients with destructive thyrotoxicosis confirmed by clinical and laboratory examination were selected; the levels of neutrophils (Ne),lymphocyte (Ly),basophils (Ba), eosinophil (Eo)and mononuclear cells (Mo),serum free thyroxine (FT4),three free iodine thyroid former glycine (FT3),and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)of the patients in two groups were analyzed and the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC)was used to evaluate the values of the indicators with statastical significance in the differential diagnosis of Graves disease thyrotoxicosis and destructive thyrotoxicosis.Results:The levels of serum Eo,FT4 and FT3,and the modified data Eo/Mo,Eo × FT3 / Mo of the patients in Graves disease thyrotoxicosis group were significantly higher than those in destructive thyrotoxicosis group (P <0.05);the levels of TSH and Mo of the patients were lower than those in destructive thyrotoxicosis group (P < 0.05).The ROC curve analysis results showed that the sensitivities and specificities of Eo,Eo/Mo,Eo×FT3/Mo in the differential diagnosis of two diseases were good, and the best diagnostic boundaries were 1.54, 0.34, and 3.94. Conclusion:Eo,Mo,TSH,FT3,FT4,Eo/Mo,and EoxFT3/Mo could be regarded as the basis in the differential diagnosis of Graves disease thyrotoxicosis and destructive thyrotoxicosis ,and the practical significances of Eo,Eo/Mo,and Eo×FT3 /Mo in the differential diagnosis of Graves disease thyrotoxicosis and destructive thyotoxicosis are bigger.

Identification and determination of the photodegradation impurities in melphalan hydrochloride / 中国药科大学学报

This study was aimed to identify the photodegradation impurities (PD1 and PD2) in melphalan hydrochloride and establish a method for determining PD1 and PD2.The structures of the photodegradation impurities were inferred by LC-MS/MS.The impurities were confirmed by comparing with synthesized impurities.An HILIC method was established to determine PD1 and PD2.The method was carried out on an Atlantis HILIC column(4.6 mm × 150 mm,3 μm) with the mobile phase consisting of 0.1 mol/L ammonium formate (adjusted to pH 3.0 with formic acid) and acetonitrile (13∶ 87) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The column temperature was 35 ℃.The detection wavelength was 260 nm.PD1 and PD2 were characterized as 4-amino-L-phenylalanine hydrochloride and 4-(2-chloroethyl) amino-L-phenylalanine hydrochloride,respectively.Melphalan hydrochloride,PD1 and PD2 were separated completely under the HILIC condition.The established HILIC method can be used to determine the photodegradation impurities.

Investigation on epidemic status of clonorchiasis sinensis based on inpatients in Zhongshan City,China / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological features of clonorchiasis sinensis based on inpa-tients in Zhongshan City. Methods All of the 23 town hospitals in Zhongshan City were selected as the surveillance hospitals in 2016. Among the inpatients from those hospitals,those lived in the city longer than 6 months were selected as the surveillance subjects. The stool specimens of the subjects were collected and examined by the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method for the eggs of Clonorchis sinensis. The crude infection rates of C. sinensis of the subjects were standardized according to the age and sex compositions of the population in Zhongshan City,2016. Meanwhile,the infection rates of the subjects from different towns and those combined with related clinical diseases were analyzed. Results A total of 2667 people were included in the surveil-lance,among which 219 were tested as positives,with a crude infection rate of 8.21％. For the positives,the male accounted for 81.74％(179/219),and their age ranged from 4 to 89 years with the mean value of(62.20±13.80)years. After standardization by age and sex composition,the infection rate was 3.62％for the whole population,the rates of the male and the female were 5.46％and 1.53％,respectively,and the former was 3.57 times as high as the latter. Both the infection rates of the male and the female rose as the age increasing(χ2 male=99.91,χ2 female=16.51,both P<0.01). The standardized infection rates among the subjects in different towns ranged from 0 to 10.40％,and the rates in the north towns were higher than those in the south towns. The standardized rate was 9.22％for the subjects combined with gallstone,3.40％for those not combined with gallstone,and the former was 2.71 times as high as that of the latter. Conclusion The people aged 30 years and above,with gallstone or living in towns with high C. sinensis infection rates are the key population for prevention and control of clonorchiasis in Zhongshan City.

Epidemiological characteristics of epidemic mumps in Chongqing Wanzhou district from 2011 to 2014 / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic mumps in Chongqing Wanzhou district,and provide scientific basis for taking effective prevention and control measures.Methods Epidemic data of mumps in Wanzhou district from January 2011 to December 2014 were investigated retrospectively.Results A total of 2 785 cases of epidemic mumps were reported,there was no death case,the incidence of mumps was 44.02/100 000.Incidence of mumps in population under 15 years old was the highest,accounting for 84.45% (2 352/2 785 ).Mumps mainly occurred among students (1 674 cases,60.11 %).The peaks were from April to July and Oc-tober to December,the number of mumps increased significantly from October to December in 2013.Difference in incidence among each year of 2011 -2014 was statistically different(χ2 =40.52,P <0.01).Incidence of mumps was statistically different between the city streets and villages/towns(63.99/100 000 vs 32.13/100 000,χ2 =20.168,P<0.01).Incidence was statistically different between the city streets and villages/ towns each year of 2011 -2014 (all P < 0.01 ),except 2012,the incidence of mumps of city streets was significantly higher than villages/ towns. Conclusion It is important to conduct “Five early”for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases,strength-en the vaccination of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR)vaccine or vaccine against epidemic mumps,especially the vaccination for students and children in nurseries,popularize the knowledge about prevention and control of mumps, improve diagnosis and treatment level,and strengthen the epidemic monitoring.

Effects and mechanisms of bevacizumab-induced renal impairment / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Bevacizumab has been widely used in tumor targeting therapy,while the most common adverse reaction is renal impairment,manifested as proteinuria. The main mechanisms may include interfering podocytes-endothelial vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)axis signals,increasing glomerular pressure caused by secondary hypertension,subacute renal thrombotic microangiopathy caused by endothelial damage and so on. Thrombotic microangiopathy is the main renal pathological type,and other rare types include glomer-ular lesions,renal interstitial disease,and benign renal arteriolar nephrosclerosis. Therefore,urine protein excretion and renal function should be closely monitored during bevacizumab treatment period for timely treat-ment,dose reduction or even withdrawal if necessary to ensure renal function.

Clinical findings of a group of children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#In order to extend the knowledge of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD), the clinical data of a group of infants and young children with this disorder was reported.@*METHOD@#This retrospective study involved 84 cases (151 ears). The subjects aged from 2 months to 6 years old. Descriptive analysis was carried out on case history, audiological and imaging results and the outcome of cochlear implantation.@*RESULT@#There were a variety of case history, including 11 of hyperbilirubinemia, 2 of family history of deafness, 3 of hypoxia, 1 of prematurity, 1 of nuclei basales pathology, 2 of congenital atelencephalia,and 13 of cochlear nerve deficiency (CND). The audiological results varied too. Click ABR ranged from no response at the maximum output level to Wave V thresholds as low as 70 dB nHL. Behavioral thresholds were mild in 1, moderate in 2 and profound in 20. The inner ear MRI were normal in 16 cases, CND in 12 and CND accompanied by periventricular leukomalacia in 1. 5 cases were implanted in the affected ear. The results in 3 were comparable with that of cochlear loss, 1 were less effective than that of cochlear loss, 1 became none user of the device.@*CONCLUSION@#ANSD is a heterogeneous group with a wide variety on case history, audiological and imaging results and the outcome of cochlear implant. Therefore, comprehensive clinical examinations are necessary so that individualized intervention program can be made.

Hydroxychloroquine reverses ultraviolet ray-induced genomic DNA hypomethylation in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To explore the effect of hydroxychloroquine on ultraviolet ray-induced genomic DNA hypomethylation in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Thirty patients with SLE and 10 normal human controls were enrolled in the study. CD4+ T cells were isolated from these subjects by using magnetic beads, and cultured. Hydroxychloroquine of 50 mg/L was added to the culture medium of CD4+ T cells before or after the exposure to narrow band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) 311 nm.After additional culture, the levels of genomic DNA methylation in CD4+ T cells were determined with the Imprint Methylated DNA Quantification kit. Results The levels of DNA methylation was lower in SLE patients than in the normal controls [(3.922 ±2.215)% vs. (10.210 ± 5.573)%, t= 3.450, P = 0.026]. After exposure to UVB at 45 and 100 mJ/cm2, the DNA methylation level in patients with active SLE decreased from (7.235 ±3.846)% to (1.784 ± 1.033)% and (1.932 ± 1.844)% respectively (t= 3.000, 4.118, both P< 0.05). Decreased DNA methylation level was observed in CD4+ T cells from patients with active SLE compared with those from patients with stable SLE and normal human controls [(1.932 ± 1.844)% vs. (7.235 ± 3.846)% and (5.472 ±5.573)%, t = 2.648, 3.000, both P< 0.05] after irradiation with UVB of 100 mj/cm2. A significant increase in the methylation level was observed in active SLE patient-derived CD4+ T cells treated with hydroxychloroquine following the irradiation with UVB of 45 (4.698% ± 1.948%) and 100 mJ/cm2(8.698% ± 3.151%) compared with those only treated with UVB irradiation (t = 4.827, 3.184, both P< 0.05), as well as in those treated with hydroxychloroquine before and after the irradiation with UVB of 45 mJ/cm2 compared with those receiving irradiation alone [(5.404 ± 2.308)% vs. (1.784 ± 1.033)%, t = 4.827, P< 0.01]. Conclusion Hydroxychloroquine can reverse the UVB-induced genomic DNA hypomethylation in CD4+ T cells from patients with SLE,especially in those from patients with active SLE.

Hydroxychloroquine inhibits ultraviolet-induced expression of interleukin-10 and interferon-7 from CD4+T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To explore the role of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in ultraviolet B (UVB)- induced expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and interferon (IFN)-γ from CD4+T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Thirty patients with SLE and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. CD4+ T cells were isolated using magnetic beads from SLE patients and healthy controls. HCQ was added in culture media before and after irradiation with UVB 311 nm narrow band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB). The levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ in the supernatant were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA). Comparisons between groups were performed by t-test. Results The level of IL-10 was higher in SLE patients [(27±4) pg/ml] than that in healthy controls [(18±3) pg/ml, P=0.011]. After exposure of CD4+T cells to UVB in 45 or 100 mJ/cm2 dosages, the level of IL-10 was increased significantly in patients with active disease (P=0.022, P=0.048). After exposure of CD4+T cells to UVB in 100 mJ/cm2 dosages, the levels of IL-10 was higher in patients with active disease [(77±42) pg/ml] than patients with stable disease [(24± 4) pg/ml, P=0.029]. When CD4+ T cell were cultured with HCQ, IL-10 and IFN-γ levels in patients with active disease [(2.6±4.0), (17.5±2.3) pg/ml] were decreased significantly (P=0.018, P=0.017). HCQ reversed UVB-induced IL-10 expression in active SLE patients after exposure of CD4+T cells to UVB in 45 or 100 mJ/cm2 dosages (P=0.037, P=0.04). HCQ also reversed UVB-induced IFN-7 expression in active SLE patients and stable SLE patients after exposure to CD4+T cells with UVB in 100 mJ/cm2 dosages (P=0.013, P= 0.049). Conclusion UVB can aggravate the imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. HCQ inhibits UVB-induced IL-10 and IFN-7 expression of CD4+T cells in patients with SLE, especially in patients with active disease.

Progress in the basic and clinical studies of malignant tumor thermoradiatherapy / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Thermotherapy is one of the combined therapies of malignant tumor. It can enhance the sen-sitivity to radiotherapy by inhibiting cell DNA repair,changing cell signaling, modulating cell cycle checkpoint and inhibiting tumor cell metastasis. Many clinical trials have also confirmed that the combination of thermother-apy and radiotherapy can enhance the curative effect of head and neck,ventrum and pelvic malignant tumor. In this article,the synergistic effects and mechanism of tumor thermoradiotherapy are reviewed.

Research on relationship between interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and airway hyperresponsiveness / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To explore the relationship between interleukin-1receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) of asthma. METHODS: The airway responsiveness to inhaled histamine as PC 20 was evaluated among the normal guinea pigs, and sensitized with ovalbumine (OA) and challenged 14 days later (athma group), and injected IL-lra 1 mg?kg -1 intravenously 30 minutes before challenged (asthma plus IL-lra group). The numbers of different cells was counted and classified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). RESULTS: The PC 20 of the asthma plus IL-1ra group was higher than that of asthma group (P

Neuroprotective effects of stearic acid in primarily cultured hippocampal neurons insulted by excitotoxicity / 中国药理学通报

Aim To evaluate neuroprotective effects of stearic acid on primarily cultured hippocampal neurons and to study the mechanism of neuroprotection afforded by stearic acid.Methods Primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were insulted by OGD(oxygen-glucose deprivation),H_2O_2,glutamate and NaN_3;MTT assay was utilized to evaluate cell viability;Inhibitors of PPAR?and PI-3K signal pathway were used to study mechanisms of neuroprotection of stearic acid.Results Compared with control neurons,A_(570) in MTT assay were increased significantly by stearic acid in hippocampal neurons insulted by OGD(oxygen-glucose deprivation),H_2O_2 and glutamate(P